Free Essays on Rebecca

â€Å"Rebecca† by Daphen Du Maurier This book happens in the nineteenth century. There are many characters in this book. Some of them have extremely little parts, however they give you things about the significant individuals in the book. Rebecca was an extremely respected individual in her town. Everybody cherished her and worshiped her. She is the spouse of Maxim De Winter. She winds up being the phantom of Manderley after her passing. She frequents the old house. She attempts to drive off Maxim’s new spouse, The Heroine. Rebecca as far as anyone knows executed herself on account of a battle that she and Maxim had the evening of her passing. Rebecca was kicking the bucket of malignancy. The Heroine’s name never comes up in the book, yet Maxim offers the remark that she has an excellent name. She is the storyteller of the story. She is likewise hitched to Maxim De Winter. They love going around starting with one spot then onto the next and remaining starting with one lodging then onto the next. She is additionally the special lady of Manderley. Adage De Winter is the proprietor of Manderley. Manderley is an old house, which is appeared to be spooky. He is the single man of Rebecca, who should have murdered her self in the sea. In any case, Maxim is simply the person who executed her by sinking her vessel. He penetrated openings in the base. Nobody knows it until a bigger vessel hits it, and they bring it up to shore. Jack Favell was Rebecca’s cousin. He venerated Rebecca. The main awful thing about him was he is a heavy drinker. This caused him to have an awful temper. He and Rebecca were taking part in an extramarital entanglements, and the night she kicked the bucket she told Saying that she was pregnant with Jack’s youngster. Mrs. Danvers is the servant at Manderley. She adored Rebecca without question. She would do anything for her, even execute the escort, and torch the chateau. She stayed with her through various challenges. She didn’t walk out on her in any event, when she kicked the bucket. Danvers detests the Heroine with an energy. She doesn’t concur with Maxim when he brings the Heroine home and reveals to her that they are... Free Essays on Rebecca Free Essays on Rebecca â€Å"Rebecca† by Daphen Du Maurier This book happens in the nineteenth century. There are many characters in this book. Some of them have little parts, however they give you things about the significant individuals in the book. Rebecca was an exceptionally appreciated individual in her town. Everybody cherished her and revered her. She is the spouse of Maxim De Winter. She winds up being the phantom of Manderley after her passing. She frequents the old house. She attempts to frighten off Maxim’s new spouse, The Heroine. Rebecca as far as anyone knows executed herself on account of a battle that she and Maxim had the evening of her demise. Rebecca was biting the dust of malignant growth. The Heroine’s name never comes up in the book, however Maxim offers the remark that she has a delightful name. She is the storyteller of the story. She is additionally hitched to Maxim De Winter. They love going around starting with one spot then onto the next and remaining starting with one inn then onto the next. She is likewise the special lady of Manderley. Proverb De Winter is the proprietor of Manderley. Manderley is an old house, which is appeared to be spooky. He is the single man of Rebecca, who should have murdered her self in the sea. In any case, Maxim is simply the person who slaughtered her by sinking her vessel. He bored openings in the base. Nobody knows it until a bigger pontoon hits it, and they bring it up to shore. Jack Favell was Rebecca’s cousin. He loved Rebecca. The main terrible thing about him was he is a drunkard. This caused him to have a terrible temper. He and Rebecca were taking part in an extramarital entanglements, and the night she passed on she told Proverb that she was pregnant with Jack’s kid. Mrs. Danvers is the servant at Manderley. She cherished Rebecca without a doubt. She would do anything for her, even murder the special lady, and torch the manor. She stayed with her through various challenges. She didn’t walk out on her in any event, when she passed on. Danvers despises the Heroine with an energy. She doesn’t concur with Maxim when he brings the Heroine home and reveals to her that they are...

Save Our Earth free essay sample

Above all else, let us recognition to the Almighty Allah SWT, in view of His Blessing we can go to this English discourse challenge. Also, may harmony be upon the prophet Muhammad Saw who has guided us from the murkiness into the splendor. I likewise might want to express an abundance of thanks to the juries and MC who have given me chance to convey an English discourse before all of you. Women and Gentlemen, The title of my discourse is â€Å"Save Our Earth; Save Our Forest†. As we probably am aware, individuals from everywhere throughout the world consistently celebrate Earth Day each 22nd April.The thought of earth day depends on the attention to spare this world from the ecological devastation. It targets making worldwide developments to take an interest effectively in sparing our earth †the main planet where we live. Our nation, Indonesia, which is known as the emerald of equator, has a significant job to keep the parity of world natural framework. We will compose a custom exposition test on Spare Our Earth or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page 63 percent (or 1,134,000 km2) of our property domain is still as a timberland. In the interim, the water region is more than 317,000,000 km2. 17 percent of world plant and creature species live in Indonesia. It demonstrates that the biological system and natural condition in Indonesia will influence the world.In different words, the ecological harm in Indonesia will impact the maintainability of world condition. Women and Gentlemen, One of the reasons for ecological harm is deforestation, or known as the pulverization of woods. The deforestation has caused numerous catastrophes in this world, including Indonesia. Floods, seismic tremors and avalanches are instances of slaughtering calamities which cause us to understand that the presence of timberland is significant. In Addition, another impact of deforestation is connected with the a dangerous atmospheric devation or the expansion of worldwide surface temperature which is predominantly brought about by the nursery effects.We all know, one of the most pivotal issues in observing Earth Day is the an unnatural weather change. It cautions us that our earth is in harm's way and we ought to take an interest effectively to deal with our condition. Women and Gentlemen, The inquiry is, what is the connection between Earth Day, a dangerous atmospheric devation, deforestation, and Indonesia? Indonesia lies in the equator, between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. In view of its area, Indonesia is rich of rainforests. Researchers express that the capacity of rainforests is as the lungs of the world. They retain ozone harming substance discharges, turncarbon dioxide (CO2) into oxygen (O2).It implies that if deforestation props up on, the nursery impacts can not be diminished lastly the a dangerous atmospheric devation will continue expanding. Women and Gentlemen, We live in a similar world; in this world. The significance of sparing our condition, particularly our rainforests, is the requirement for us all, for individual to endure. It isn't just for us, yet in addition for our people to come. There are numerous basic exercises that we can do so as to take part in sparing our earth. Here are a few models: 1. Stop deforestation and do reforestation development. Spare our earth free exposition test Candidates ought to incorporate confirmed duplicates of supporting reports that have not as of now been submitted to Victoria University as a major aspect of an application for affirmation. A full rundown of the necessary records can be found on the application structure. You should be a resident of a SEAN nation needing to join up with your first year of undergrad learn at Victoria University of Wellington, and be younger than 23 on 31 December 2014. If you don't mind read the full qualification rules for this grant in the terms and conditions segment of the application. About Victoria UniversityVictoria University of Wellington is one of New Sealants most established and most lofty colleges, and has a built up custom of greatness in examine based instructing. Victoria is positioned first among New Zealand colleges by the New Zealand Governments positioning of research execution of its scholarly staff. In the 2014 SQ World University Rankings, Victoria is positioned in the best 50 in English Language Literature and Law, in the best 100 in Education Training, Politics, Psychology, and History and in the main 150 of every various different subjects. We will compose a custom article test on Spare our earth or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Victoria is likewise home to the Victoria Business School, one of a tip top gathering of 58 business colleges worldwide that holds the Triple Crown of universal accreditations of SQUISH, CABS (Business), and MAMBA. Some portion of the lively, dynamic and clamoring Wellington people group, Victoria University exploits its capital city status with one of a kind connects to the open segment, business, science and development, imagination, and the arts.Victoria is glad for giving a strong and testing learning condition that produces graduates with initiative abilities, who can think basically and impart viably, and who a react inventively to the difficulties ahead. Your application for the SEAN Undergraduate Tuition Fees Scholarship Use this structure to apply for the grant just on the off chance that you are a resident of a SEAN nation Brunet, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Manner, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand or Vietnam. Note Complete this structure in English.Add extra pages if vital. Archives submitted on the side of this application must be in English either firsts or a genuine duplicate of the first. Accreditation of genuine duplicates must be finished by a perceived authority or by the foundation that sued the archives and should bear the official stamp and mark Of the certifier. Where results from auxiliary school study or potentially college establishment study are not accessible, it is fundamental that a unique marked arrangement of figure results are given by the candidates instructive institution.Return this finished application to arrive at the accompanying location by 31 October 2014: International Programmer Office Victoria International pop BOX 600 Wellington New Zealand Email [emailprotected] AC. NZ Please read the accompanying notes before finishing the application structure Victoria is satisfied to offer six SEAN Undergraduate Tuition Fees Scholarships for 2015. The grant covers the education costs for the primary year of study (two trimesters) of a college degree at Victoria college of Wellington. 1.The grants will be granted on legitimacy to extraordinary up-and-comers who meet the measures underneath: ++ be a resident of a SEAN nation; ++ be finishing (or have finished) the scholarly prerequisites for entrance into a college degree at Victoria college of Wellington in 2015; ++ have presented an application to obligation at Victoria as an undergrad International Student in 201 5; ++ have met Victorians English language necessities for undergrad study; ++ not have held up, by and by or as wards, an ebb and flow application for relocation or have been allowed living arrangement status in New Zealand. . The grant can initiate in either Trimester 1 or 2, 2015. 3. After the end date applications will be short-recorded based on exceptional scholastic legitimacy.

Adult Education and Training for Techniques-myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about theAdult Education and Training for Tools and Techniques. Answer: Presentation There are various techniques for assessment of preparing. The first is utilizing of learning hypothesis which includes four levels, specifically, response, learning, conduct, results. At that point there are student summit and festivity developmental assessment, documentation and mentor reflection. For a successful preparing assessment it must be appropriate for the individual just as the circumstance. In some cases assessment of the self-improvement aptitudes can stretch out past the important information and abilities of the association, where powerful self-awareness abilities are taken into contemplations (Arjovsky Bottou, 2017). Points and techniques Assessment of learning meeting relies upon specific elements. Use of wrong devices can make the meeting repetitive and tiring. On the off chance that an instructor requests that the understudies submit just positive criticism, the reactions to the apparatuses that were utilized ought to be valid, useful and give edification (Phillips, 2016). It must be remembered that there are strong reasons which are useful for assessment. One must decide the expense just as the advantage proportion of the program alongside information assortment which will help in future advertising programs. It is additionally imperative to perceive the qualities and shortcoming, choose the members for future projects and who was the most or least valuable from the preparation program. Instructive points and targets have various advantages which help the coaches for course planning, correspondence, recognizable proof of assets and give a rule to assessment and quality confirmation. The criticism got from the part ners gives important data about the qualities and shortcomings. Away from of assessment makes the members increasingly open towards the preparation technique (Bhalla, 2014). The terms points, targets and learning results are significant showing prerequisites which can be utilized for two purposes-what the mentor will do and what the students have realized. Helpful input It is important to comprehend the significance of any data while utilizing any assessment device. For example, if poll is utilized for assessment, an assortment of more extensive suppositions can be useful as it isn't required by the association. In the event that the assessment device isn't appropriate for get-together data, at that point an alternate device will be utilized. One of the simple devices that can be utilized for increasing productive criticism is to comprehend the fundamental parts of the learning procedure (Carpenter Dickinson, 2016). The fundamental angles incorporate hierarchical needs, estimating the parts of preparing, and the effect of the preparation strategy. More the student will think about the hierarchical needs, better it will be to guarantee about the utilization of right devices for social affair data. Input is basic for the activity of an association. An administrator needs to play out the errand of giving criticism on numerous occasions to tell individu als about their present circumstance and what they can do to accomplish the objective. It is a basic device which shows if things are going appropriately or if there is any issue. The circumstances which require the conveyance of productive input are-give right direction, follow up on conversations, give execution pointers, execution conversation and illuminating about the result of a conduct. Valuable input is required when a member gets some information about his own presentation, tirelessness of complex circumstances and blunders, not getting together to the desire for the representative execution and irritating work propensity for the companion. While giving useful input, portrayal ought to be remembered and not judgment; perception and not impedance; conduct and not the individual; balance between the positive and negative criticism and monitoring the input over-burden (Goetsch Davis, 2014).The techniques for giving valuable strategy incorporate clear reason, perception, respon se, allowing a chance to react, explicit recommendation and giving a substance as a help (Punch Oancea, 2014). Consequences of assessment Significant information are delivered after the powerful assessment of the grown-up learning meeting. Utilizing right apparatuses give a legitimate picture of the accomplishment of learning assessment. Determination of the exact apparatus changes as indicated by the data needs of the association (Hale, Bevilacqua Viner, 2015). The result of the procedure of assessment ought to be inspected to deal with the inquiries of the association and the accomplishment of the preparation. The essential targets of the learning meeting are-to be clear about the preparation goals, to have a particular arrangement for the help of the preparation, to have an appropriate strategy for evaluating the viability of the preparation and to submit to the morals, trustworthiness and investigate the advantages and improvement. On the off chance that the procedure of assessment depicts the progressions of assessment as the most wanted learning results, at that point the previously mentioned changes will affect the assessment procedure. The result got ought to be all around dissected in the wake of social event. To survey the viability of the preparation procedure against the set necessities that is pertinent to the requirements of the association will be their feasible objective. Investigation is the significant advance in assessment process and draws out the importance of the information gathered for assessment. This procedure helps in discovering records and furthermore stays responsible to the partners. Before assessment it must be remembered whether information investigation will be inward or outer. A solid arrangement for information examination will improve the circumstance of the association and will be useful for getting investigation from the outside partners. Translation of the assembled information will be useful in evaluating if the outcomes are sensible and what suggestions will it have on the preparation program (O'Neil, 2014). Positive outcomes allude to the quality of the program and negative outcomes adjust the practices. End It very well may be closed from the task that assessment alludes to the way toward determining the viability of the preparation program. Data is given which helps in altering or correcting the instructional course. The administrators may need the assessment to be led on the preparation according to the technique for the improvement of the association. Future trainings are likewise redesigned with material and substance. In the event that the present needs are met, at that point there is a degree for preparing and evaluation. Reference Arjovsky, M., Bottou, L. (2017). Towards principled techniques for preparing generative ill-disposed networks.arXiv preprint arXiv:1701.04862. Bhalla, S. U. R. U. C. H. I. (2014). E-learning: devices, strategies and trends.Int. J. Eng. Sci. Imagine. Res. Dev,1, 82-87. Craftsman, J., Dickinson, H. (2016).Interprofessional instruction and preparing. approach press. Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2014).Quality administration for authoritative greatness. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Sound, D. R., Bevilacqua, L., Viner, R. M. (2015). Pre-adult wellbeing and grown-up instruction and business: a precise review.Pediatrics,136(1), 128-140. O'Neil, H. F. (Ed.). (2014).Learning procedures. Scholastic Press. Phillips, J. J., Phillips, P. P. (2016).Handbook of preparing assessment and estimation strategies. Routledge. Punch, K. F., Oancea, A. (2014).Introduction to inquire about strategies in instruction. Sage.

The New Angle On Apa Research Report Example Just Released

The New Angle On Apa Research Report Example Just Released Type of Apa Research Report Example Moreover, failing to acknowledge the work of others can result in accusations of plagiarism, which then may lead to consequences like a failing grade or even getting fired from your work. Sample term papers ought to be strictly weighed side by side with the matter of plagiarism. In case you're not able to do the research paper because of any reason, you can depend on ProfEssays to write for you in accordance to your requirements. This term paper should have the ability to tackle this question. The framework of the way to write research papers have become the most distinguishable portion of each formatting standard. Thus, your introduction needs to be clear and precise. For the aims of this class, you're going to be doing a simple correlational study. The intention of the introduction is to explain wherever your hypothesis comes from. In the event you doubt that it is possible t o handle the job, make sure to look for expert help. The running head differs on the title page than the remainder of your paper. A research paper is ordinarily the very first step for students to acquire funding for their project, so it's vital to create a thoughtful and deep paper. If you're looking for a fantastic APA format research paper example, which is also being near the topic that you're researching yourself, look no more, as you've come to the proper spot! Apa Research Report Example Secrets To utilize APA paper outline or a different style, you have to read many samples of such documents. Papers in MLA format stipulates a procedure for documentation. APA format can help you to organize your paper well. The format to be used is related to the topic that you have chosen. Top Apa Research Report Example Secrets Nobody will argue that It's quite challenging to compose an academic paper if there's no structure for it. You will also need to verify that each idea you set into your term paper could be verifiable. At anytime in case you need someone to examine your work or compose any sections of your paper, reach out to our professional writers that are always prepared to lend a hand. Obviously, it is quite a bit simpler to take a look at the most suitable case of the paper than attempting to follow that numerous rules all by your own. Apa Research Report Example Fundamentals Explained It's not just text content but in addition figures, diagrams, images, and other elements that may be utilized to present details. It's simple to misinterpret data and produce the incorrect conclusions. Are a few examples of simple hypotheses and the way they could be worded in your report. Report data as a way to sufficiently justify your conclusions. It's also important that you know the source of these term papers. If you take a look at research paper outline examples, you will observe we have several strategies to present the major body. Figures on t he opposite hand come in various forms. Apa Research Report Example - the Conspiracy If there is just 1 appendix, it's just called Appendix Each appendix also has to have a title Begin each appendix on a distinct page set the label and title of each appendix near the top of the page, centered, using normal capitalization. This information must be the exact same as in the reference list. Once more try to remember that references must be in alphabetical order according to surname. When writing references, APA style advises that you give the author's last name and utilize initials for the rest of the names. The Unexposed Secret of Apa Research Report Example Results that don't support your initial hypothesis can be equally as informative as results that do. The Introduction outlines the research problem and the way the author chose to work with that issue. It is possible to also describe the reach of your research. Details of Apa Research Report Example Once it sounds quit e challenging to make it right while writing less than 250 words about the entire research you've performed, you need to take a look at a great APA research paper abstract example to understand exactly what we're speaking about and what the APA style is truly all about. Writing an effective college paper demands a great deal of planning and formatting to have it done right. Students could rather seek the help of writing companies. Type of Apa Research Report Example APA format is well-known among students as a result of its simple guidelines and approach. Apa is called the american psychological association. The APA advises that you use the author-date method. Apa at conestoga demands the subsequent order for each part of your paper. The Tried and True Method for Apa Research Report Example in Step by Step Detail The APA is among the most influential associations of professional psychologists on earth, including specialists from america and Canada, and associate members fro m some other nations. All the examples are created by academic professionals highly literate in their field of study, that's the reason why they are all the utmost relevance for everybody who would like to receive their existing research papers assignments done the very best way possible. The text for the whole document, including the title page, ought to be double-spaced. Make certain that the header on your second page consists of exactly the same title you included in the header on the very first page. A title page is generally in the middle of the page and is a concise overview of the topic. It also called the cover page is the first page of your essay. Once you get familiarized with those examples, it'll be easy as a breeze for you to compose your own paper depending on the APA academic manner of writing. Have a look at examples of such works to comprehend how to write them and what style you ought to use for formatting them. APA style recommends your title isn't any more than 12 words in length. The style employs an in-text citation also.

Parenting Styles Have A Key Effect On A Child s Development

Helicopter Parents: Why they’re doing their teen more harm than good_ â€Å"Where will you be at each minute of the day? Who will you be with? When will you be home? Will there be anyone else there? What will you be doing? How do we know we can trust you?† These are just some of the questions that many teenagers encounter on a daily basis, when growing up under the rule of authoritarian parents. Parenting styles have a key effect on a child’s development, impacting both present and future relationships in all aspects of life, and a highly common type of parenting is this authoritarian style. Authoritarian parents focus on discipline, and show little to no warmth. A ‘helicopter parent’ is a term used to describe parents (commonly mothers) who†¦show more content†¦This clearly demonstrates that authoritarian parenting has harmful effects, and as such, it would be ludicrous to believe that this style of parenting is the most effective style of parenting. Often as a result of a high level of involvement from parents that does not diminish as a child grows up, the teenager turns to delinquent behaviour. This could be in the form of substance abuse, stealing or even hurting themselves or others. New research from the University of New Hampshire not only confirms this theory, but states that instead of discouraging children from disobeying rules (the goal of the parents), authoritarian parenting actually encourages the child to behave this way. This type of parenting essentially reduces the likelihood of the adolescent perceiving the authority of their parents as legitimate, and so, rather than respecting their parents and thus their rules, the teenager is more inclined to break their rules and disrespect their parents. This is of course not to suggest that permissive parenting is the solution to these issues. Permissive parenting focuses less on rules and more on affection, however can often lead to problems of its own, such as lack of empathy to others, inability to adapt to new environments and difficulty maintaining healthy adult relationships. The optimal parenting approach would be somewhere in the middle of these two parenting extremes, authoritative. This type of parenting is a balance of rules and

How Soda And Soda Affect When Poured Over Dry Ice

Overview Dry ice is a solid form of carbon dioxide that produces a cold dense mist. I first learned what Dry Ice was in fifth grade, this was due to the fact that my class had taken a field trip to River Legacy Park. Where we saw an experiment and learned facts about dry ice. This led to a fascination with dry ice, in this experiment I will test whether the temperature of water and soda affect when poured over Dry ice. Dry Ice has multiple purposes some of which, is chemotherapy, to carbonate liquids, store food, and accelerate plant growth. Since, I always liked the thought of working with Dry Ice I had begun to think of an experiment to do for the IA involving Dry Ice. After much consideration I choose to test how soda and water would†¦show more content†¦Introduction Thermodynamics is â€Å"the study of the effects of work, heat, and energy on a system†. In Thermodynamics to find the temperature change I will use the formula: Q=MCT. In this formula Q represents the heat added, M is the mass, C is the specific heat, and Tis the change in temperature. From using this equation I will later figure out the uncertainties I have in this experiment using the formula: Amount of DataGiven (average data/ amount of data given) then you take the given and subtract it from the answer from the formula above, lastly you add it up and square root it. Next, you put it in this form: average data  ± answer using the formula above. Lastly, I will use error bars on the graphs to represent the uncertainty of the graphs. Error bars are represented by this image: Subsequently, I choose this experiment because the thought of using Dry Ice in a experiment was very intriguing to me due to the properties of Dry Ice. This experiment made me think a lot about the uses of Dry Ice and how they are used in everyday life. Initially I believed that Dry Ice did not have that many purposes in life, but in the process of experimenting I learned the purpose of Dry Ice and the temperature changes that come with Dry Ice. Research Question: How does the temperature ofShow MoreRelatedThe Ballad of the Sad Cafe46714 Words   |  187 PagesThe Ballad of the Sad Cafà © and Other Stories by Carson McCullers Back Cover: When she was only twenty-three her first novel, The Heart Is A Lonely Hunter, created a literary sensation. She is very special, one of America s superlative writers who conjures up a vision of existence as terrible as it is real, who takes us on shattering voyages into the depths of the spiritual isolation that underlies the human condition. A grotesque human triangle in a primitive Southern town. . . A youngRead MoreMarketing and Financial Markets41809 Words   |  168 Pagesmarket. Let’s look more closely at the decisions and activities related to each marketing mix variable. Product Variable Successful marketing efforts result in products that become part of everyday life. Consider the satisfaction customers have had over the years from CocaCola, Levi’s jeans, Visa credit cards, Tylenol pain relievers, and 3M Post-it Notes. The product variable of the marketing mix deals with researching customers’ needs and wants and designing a product that satisfies them. A productRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesperspective. For new users, I hope the book will meet your full expectations and be an effective instructional tool. Although case books abound, you and your students may find this somewhat unique and very readable, a book that can help transform dry and rather remote concepts into practical reality, and lead to lively class discussions, and even debates. In the gentle environment of the classroom, students can hone their analytical skills and also their persuasive skills—not selling products but Read MoreCase Studies67624 Words   |  271 Pagesisolation, but in correspondence with the teacher and other pupils) and find his own way out he will not learn, not even if he can recite some correct answer with a hundred percent accuracy.4 The case analysis method brings reality into the classroom. When developed and presented effectively, with rich and interesting detail, cases keep conceptual discussions grounded in reality. Experience shows that simple fictional accounts of situations and collections of actual organisational data and articles fromRead MoreAutobilography of Zlatan Ibrahimovic116934 Words   |  468 Pagesfelt fully charged. What could go wrong? Hey you, Guardiola said. Here in Barca we keep our feet down on the ground. Sure, I said. Fine. Here we don t drive any Ferraris or Porsches to training. I nodded, didn t go cocky on him, like how the fuck is what car I m driving your concern? But I thought What does he want? What message is he giving me? Believe me, I don t need any fancy cars or parking on the sidewalk to show off anymore. That wasn t it. I love my cars. They re a passionRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture Affect Organizational Practices? 30 Point/Counterpoint Lost in Translation? 31 Questions for Review 32 Experiential Exercise Workforce DiversityRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 PagesSUMMARY OF THE CASE ANALYSIS PROCESS Case analysis is an essential part of a strategic management course and is also perhaps the most entertaining part of such a course. The ‘full story’ that follows this summary gives you considerable detail about how to go about a case analysis, but for now here is a brief account. Before we start, a word about attitude – make it a real exercise. You have a set of historical facts; use a rigorous system to work out what strategies should be followed. All the cases

Essays on Contract Legally Enforceable Law

Question: Describe about the Essays on Contract for Legally Enforceable Law. Answer: 1. The issue that is present in this case is related with the fact if the agreement that was concluded between Richard and his father is legally enforceable or not. According to this agreement, Richard's father agreed to pay him $200 per week in he took care of the family property and mowed the lawns. But later on, the father refused to pay this amount and claimed that as a member of the family, this work should be done by Richard for free. Under these circumstances, a question arises if Richard can legally enforce this promise. According to the law of contract, an agreement that has been concluded between the parties is considered to be enforceable under the law if the essential elements required for creating a valid contract are present. The formation of a valid contract requires that elements like offer, acceptance and consideration should be present. At the same time, it should be the intention of the parties that they are going to enter legal relations and the parties should also have the capacity to do so. The requirement according to which it should be the intention of the parties that the demand created by them should be enforceable by the law has been introduced by the law of contract so that a distinction can be made between the cases in which any action by the court should not be taken (Atiyah, 1990). As a result of the requirement of above mentioned essential elements, all the agreements that are created by the parties cannot be enforced by the law. Therefore, when two friends have decided to go out for dinner, such a promise is not enforceable by the law. In such a case, although a moral obligation is present that the promise to be fulfilled but this promise is not legally enforceable. Due to this reason, such agreements are not enforceable under the law. The reason behind this position of law is that in such cases, there is a lack of intention on the part of the parties to the demand that the promise made by them will be legally enforceable. In this regard, the law also goes by the wishes of the party. The result is that in order to decide if a particular agreement can be enforced under the law and to see if the parties had the intention of entering into legal relations, the law recognizes a distinction between domestic/social agreements and the agreements concluded in context of trade or commerce (Beale, (ed) 2002). The court had discussed the requirement of the intention of creating legal relations by the parties in Balfour v Balfour [1919]. Therefore while deciding the case, the court was of the opinion that even if the domestic arrangement created between the parties is of a complex nature, still a presumption will be present that it was not the intention of the parties to create legal relations. In the same way, the issue was also discussed by the court in Jones v Padavatton (1969). In this case, Mrs. Jones offered to pay $200 to her daughter if left her job in the US and went to study at the bar in London. Mrs. Jones wanted that her daughter should join her in Trinidad after completing her legal studies. Under these circumstances, the daughter of Mrs. Padavatton went to study in London however the acting made between the parties was not working smoothly. While the daughter believed that Mrs. Jones will be going to pay US$200, on the other hand Mrs. Jones had intended to pay $220 Trinidad do llars which half in value as compared to the US dollars. The result was that Mrs. Padavatton had to live in a single room with her son. Consequently, Mrs. Jones decided to purchase a large house for her daughter so she can rent out the rest of the rooms and this money was to be used by Mrs. Padavatton as her maintenance. Later on, the daughter could not complete their studies and she also married. Under these circumstances, Mrs. Jones wanted the possession of the house. In the court, the issue was if the parties had the intention of creating legal relations order or if it was only a family arrangement and the parties did not have any such intention. In its decision, the court stated that the arrangement between the parties was a family agreement. Consequently, it can be presumed that parties lacked the intention of entering into legal relations. In this regard, the court pointed out towards the fact that no evidence was presented to rebut this presumption regarding the lack of intention. When the facts of the above-mentioned case are applied to the present issue, it can be said that Richard's father had made a promise to pay $200 if Richard mowed the lawns but this was merely a domestic arrangement. It was not the intention of the parties that the promise made by them can be enforced under the law. Before giving this task to Richard, the same task was being done by a garden contractor and he was charging $350 for the same. However Richard's father promised to pay $200 to him if he took care of the family property and mowed the lawns. However after sometime, Richard's father said that this work should be done by Richard for free because he was also a member of the family and moreover, he was getting free boarding and lodging from him. As a result, now Richard wants to know if the promise made by his father to pay $200 per week can be enforced under the law. However, the rules of contract law that have been mentioned above, make it clear that if there is a lack of intention on the part of the parties to end the legal relations, such an agreement is not considered as a valid contract and therefore it cannot be enforced in a court of law. Therefore in the present case also, the agreement between Richard and his father was a domestic arrangement. Hence, a presumption is present that they did not have the intention of creating legal relations. At the same time, there is no evidence to rebut this presumption. As a result, Richard cannot enforce the promise according to which his father was going to be $200 per week. 2. On the grounds of the facts that have been provided in this question, the issue arises if any remedies are available to Frre Bros when Joe had breached the contract. In this case, the contract between the parties provided that Joe will not act in films of other companies for the period of the contract. The contract was for five years but in the first year itself, Joe decided to act in a film of Pretty Pictures. Therefore, the issue in this question is related with the remedies that may be available to Frre Bros. According to the law of contract, when a party to the contract has failed to fulfill its obligations under the contract or could not keep up the promise made by it, it is said that such party has breached the contract. The breach of contract committed by such party can be whole or in part (Benson, (ed) 2001). When it is established that the contract has been breached by a party, there are certain remedies that are available to the other party. Some of the main remedies that are available to the innocent party in such a case are damages, injunction and the remedy of specific performance. Generally, the remedy of damages is granted by the courts whenever there is a breach of contract. In this regard, the law of contract describes damages as the loss or cost that has to be incurred by the innocent party due to the wrongful acts of the other party (Addis v Gramophone, 1909). In this way, damages can be described as the payment that needs to be made under the common law when there is a breach of contract. The purpose behind the remedy of damages is to provide financial compensation to the innocent party for the loss that has been suffered by such a party due to the breach of contract (Burrows, Finn and Todd, 2002). Therefore it can be said that damages are provided for protecting the expectation interests of the promisee. Similarly, the court may also award contractual damages for breach of contract. Therefore when a breach of contract has taken place, the other by the may suffer a loss. In such a case, the court may award contractual damages not with a view to punish th e guilty party. In the same way, when damages are awarded by the court, the court does not consider the paying ability of the defendant. Due to this reason, the damages awarded by the court can be the difference present between the contractual rights and the price paid by the innocent party for the performance of the contract. The next remedy that may be granted by the courts whenever there is a breach of contract is that of specific performance. According to the law of contract, the remedy of specific performance is an order made by the court according to which the defendant had to perform a particular act and the defendant is already bound under the contract to perform such an act. It has been seen that usually the courts grant the remedy of specific performance when they want that something should be done by a party to the contract or when sent by the has to be restrained from doing something (Nutbrown v Thornton, 1805). It is also worth mentioning at this point that as a contractual remedy, specific performance can be used for the purpose of establishing an earlier established transaction. The remedy of specific performance can be most effective when such an order has been made with a view to protect the expectation interests of the innocent party in case of a breach of contract. However, while making an order of specific performance, the court has to see if adequate relief can be provided to the innocent party through another of damages. Therefore, when such a relief can be provided by an award of damages, generally the court will not make an order of specific performance. In the same way, the courts can also refuse to order specific performance if the contractual terms are not mention clearly by the parties. Another remedy that can be granted by the courts for the breach of contract by a party to the contract is intention. As a remedy for breach of contract, intention is in order according to which, the other party is prevented by the court from doing something. For this purpose, the court can issue different injunctions like mandatory injunction and interlocutory injunction. In this question, Frre Bros had a contract with a film actor, Joe. According to this contract, Joe will not act in the films of other companies for the period of contract. Although the contract was for five years but the first year of the contract itself, Joe agreed to act in the film of Pretty Pictures. Therefore it can be said that a breach of contract has been committed by Joe. The result is that the remedy of intention can be claimed by Frre Bros according to which, Joe will be restrained from acting in the film of Pretty Pictures. Hence, out of the remedies available for a breach of contract, the remedy of intention can be claimed by Frre Bros. References Atiyah, P.S. 1990, Essays on Contract, Oxford University Press, New York Beale, H. (ed) 2002, Cases, Materials and Text on Contract Law Hart Publishing, Oxford Benson, P. (ed) 2001, The Theory of Contract Law: New Essays Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Burrows, JF, Finn, J. and Todd, S. M.D. 2002, The Law of Contract in New Zealand (2nd ed, LexisNexis NZ, Wellington Case Law Balfour v Balfour [1919] 2 KB 571 Jones v Padavatton [1969] 1 WLR 328 Addis v Gramophone[1909] AC 488 Nutbrown v Thornton (1805) 10 Ves 159

Satire as a Tool for Fighting Political Impunity

Communication and media are facing the need to say or do something different in a new way. This simplifies the efforts by communication channels to be unique in their presentations so that they can attract large audiences.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Satire as a Tool for Fighting Political Impunity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More New ideas, new topics of research and advanced students have made this area not only innovative but also controversial (Hartley 2011). This research sets the pace for other academic and extensive research on this topic. Danesi defines media as any productions, for instance, TV programs, radio shows, newspaper columns or advertisements (2009, p. 194). Producers use contemporary media texts to convey meaning to the audience. It is not certain, however, that the audience will receive this message as intended because the text could be misinterpreted or misunderstood. Contemporary media channels (for example TV) use communicative codes that need decoding (Hartley 2011, p. 3). TV communicators know that their message could not be decoded the same way by all their audiences. Therefore, research is vital to establish how the message sent can reach the target audience, and what to do to ensure proper decoding takes place. According to Hartley, textual (semiotics) and audience (sociological) analysis should be done to know how to use the media to reach a mass audience. What challenges do satirists face in their fight against political impunity? Satire is dramatic, literary, or visual art created to review folly or abuse. Even though it uses humor and wit, satire intends to shade light on the wrong deeds present in both the social and political circles. Parody, on the hand, is a stylist imitation serving to call attention to and ridicule original style (Boler Turpin 2008, p. 401). Irony is among the styles used in satire. In this case, a person says one thing but means a different thing. It brings out the shared cultural meanings in satire in order to create the jokes. There are stages where irony could be used, for instance, when issuing statements about news media, parody characters and performances at events.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this study, I will focus on satire as a tool for fighting political impunity, and the challenges that the satirists face. Many countries experience political issues in one way or the other. These issues range from bribery and corruption, nepotism, ethnic divisions, misappropriation of public funds, racial discrimination e.t.c. When a producer creates a comedy show, their intention is always to entertain as well as educate the audiences. Satirists have also used music to pass across their messages by composing songs that rebuke corruption in the government. Negus states that we corporate machines should not attempt to control creativity in the popular music just to satisfy their greed (McIntyre 2011). Both musicians and satirists should be left to express themselves through their talents. According to Jon Stewart and Stephen Colbert, comedy shows are not news since they do not have partisan agendas, they just entertain their audiences. The Daily Show is a late night comedy show in the United States and Canada. According to Boler and Turpin (p. 391), since real news shows do not confirm political claims against reality, fake news shows have taken over the role of revealing that many politicians tell lies. McClennen (2011, p. 13) describes Colbert’s parody as Bill O’Reilley at White house dinner, where he gave a satirical speech as the most aggressive public confrontation of President Bush during his tenure in office. In his speech, Colbert revealed all the scandals in the government thereby exposing what the main stream media had failed to expose. This act made Colbert a legend. Can a comedy show like The Daily Show be held accountable to journalistic standards and integrity? This is the question that lingers in people’s minds. According to Joe Stewart, comedy shows cannot be held accountable to journalistic standards since they engage in theater instead of engaging in critical journalism. He insists that news organizations should not look to comedy for â€Å"cues on integrity† (Boler Turpin 2008, p. 395). There has been a general public dissatisfaction with the main stream media personnel who concealing political vices in governments. The audience has thus lost trust in the main stream media and has now resorted to support satirists who expose the real issues in governments. Popular comedy hosts have been outstanding and recommended for their courage to say the truth and confront political issues without fear or favour. An exchange between Stewart and Moyer in 2003 focused on journalism and satire in a contradictory way. M oyers questioned whether, Stewart practiced an old form of satire or the form of journalism. In his response, Stewart states that this issue could be determined by whether Moyers was speaking about news or comedy adding that we are living in the new form of desperation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Satire as a Tool for Fighting Political Impunity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More With the advents in media, people have been able to display their talents through social sites like YouTube. Satirists all over the world are creating satirical shows using the available digital equipment and posting them on YouTube for people to see. Because of this, artists now have lucrative deals by leading companies who nurtured their talents and made them stars. Political satirists, like Chris Rock have also posted their work on social sites to increase public awareness on political issues. Through the mass media like TV, Radio and the Internet, many people have come to know about scandals that they never knew. Many people have also learnt about their political systems through satirical shows. Peterson says that most Americans get to know their politicians through satirical shows (2008, p. 21). The description of these politicians is so funny that it leaves the memory in people’s heads. There is evidently more political satire in democratic countries than in authoritarian regimes according to Leonard. This is because of the freedom of expression that exists in these democracies. In reference to my question above, it is true that political satire can help in fighting vices in political systems, but the challenges are overwhelming. According to Freeman (2009), throughout history, the political jester can speak truth to power even though there is always censorship of some sort in this industry. This has made it difficult for the satirists to run their shows without restrictions by the authorities in th eir countries. Another challenge that satirists face is the problem in finding and holding an audience since many people dislike like politics. More often, therefore, these shows tend to incorporate other jokes about cultures, personalities or ethnic groups’ social issues into their shows so that they can attract people’s attentions. The negative attitude that people have towards satirists also hinders their work of fighting political vices through comedy. According to the Lake Victorian caricaturist and essayist Mac Beerbohm, a satirist is a person laying about lustily to hurt or injure those who according to him should be hurt and injured (Freedman 2009, p. 1).Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Since no one likes to be ridiculed, political satire has often been labeled as a dangerous and uncomfortable field since the people one makes fun of may decide to sue them or pose a threat to their lives. Many US satirists believe that president Bush deserved to be hurt and injured. They, therefore, went ahead to scorn and ridicule him on their comedy shows. Zerubavel gives an example of a satirist, who mocks an emperor by telling him that he is either blind, or the emperor is naked† (2006 p. 73). According to Freedman (p. 14), other targets for satire are Bill Clinton (the sex scandal) and George Bush (his leaders). Different people react to satire different. While some will choose to laugh at the jokes and even appear at the shows, others get angered and cut off offending passages on the newspapers or ban the TV show and imprison or penalize the satirists. In the 1920s, for example, the Soviet Union, imprisoned Philipon and his colleagues and their magazines banned for satir ically criticizing the government. There is another challenge of maintaining the momentum in comedy shows. Satirists have to look for fresh jokes keep their audience entertained. This seems to be the biggest challenge for satirists since the audience is the most powerful person in their work. They thus need to carry out thorough research for them to reach a desired audience and get their attention. Some of the Key Concepts that should be considered in order to overcome these challenges are as follows; Censorship- Hartley (p. 38) defines censorship as the control of published content by official agencies in order to discipline the populations and render any dangerous thoughts and desires docile. It is thus essential for satirists to analyse their government systems and program their show in a way that they will speak up against the vices, but in a soft way to avoid censorship. Communication- this is a meaning generating interaction between two systems or organisms by means of mutuall y recognizing signals (Hartley, p. 49). Satirists design and present their jokes with the intention of passing information. This information could concern corruption in the government, the high cost of living or nepotism in the civil service. Text is anything that represents, expresses or communicates speeches, poems or programs. The text in satirical programs stands for the message that the producer wants to pass to the audience. The Celebrity- The person that speaks at a show will affect the way a message is received. The public reaction to a joke or mockery will significantly depend on whom that person is. Celebrities in this case always have an upper hand to charm the audiences than regular people. The reason behind this is that already they have a fan base hence they just need to tickle them a little for them to burst into laughter. Many people will attend a satirical show hosted by Chris Rock than one hosted by an unknown person. Audience- Watson Hill (p. 16) state that an au dience is the receptors of messages sent. For a show to be successful, the producer should consider creating a content that will fit the audiences. Gender, academic level, religious background and language, will determine the approach to take in their presentation. Context- Hartley (p. 61) defines context as the environment where we make a presentation. Political satire is not advisable in a country that is experiencing violence due to political difference since this will fuel violence. In 2008 Republican John McCain and his wife were victims of political satire during a talk show called The View, hosted by five female presenters. The hosts saw that environment as the perfect opportunity for them to mock the presidential aspirant for approving of a message on advertisements that were propaganda campaigns against his opponent, Barrack Obama (Jones 2010, p. 3). This action signifies how democracy may turn around and hurt the same people who defend it through satire. This is evidently the reason behind strict restrictions by authoritarian governments on satirical programs. Media- is any means of transmitting information according to Danesi (2009). For comedy shows to reach their target audiences, the producers should choose their media correct. Comic shows have adopted with the changes in media trend well. According to Kellner, mainstream media processes information, events and news as media spectacle (2009). It is this power of the media that has taken these shows to facebook, twitter, YouTube and MySpace. These innovations have led to the work of writers like Hemingway (The Sun Also Rises) to be translated into films (Hay 2011, p. 24). Women have also decided to join the field of political satire as writers, cartoonists or performers. Maureen Dowd and Molly Ivins are among the noticeable number of women who have made their names as satirists (Freedman 2009, p. 2). It is vital for both private and government institutions to support satirists carry out their self -imposed role of being watchdogs. This avenue could also grow to create employment opportunities to the youths. Reference List Boler, M Turpin, S 2008, â€Å"The daily show and crossfire: Satire and Sincerity as Truth to Power†, in Megan, Boler, Digital Media and Democracy: Tactics in Hard Times, MIT Press, USA. Danesi, M Berger, A 2009, Dictionary of Media and Communication. M.E Sharpe Inc, New York, USA. Freedman, L 2009, The Offensive Art: Political Satire and Its Censorship around the World from Beerbohm to Borat, Greenwood publishing group, London UK. Hartley, J 2011, Communication, Cultural and Media Studies: The Key Concepts, 4th Ed. Routledge, London, UK. Hays, P 2011, The critical reception of Hemingway’s The Sun also rises. Camden House, New York, USA. Jones, J 2010, Entertaining Politics: Satirical Television and political engagement, 2nd ed. Rowland Littlefield Publishers Inc, Maryland, USA. Kellner, D 2009, â€Å"Media Spectacles and Media Events: Some Critical Reflections†, in N. Couldry et al, Media Events in Global Age, Routledge, London, UK. McClennen, S 2011, America According to Colbert: Satire as Public Pedagogy, Palgrave Macmillan, New York, USA. McIntyre, P 2011, â€Å"Popular Music: Creativity and Authenticity† in Creativity and Cultural Production: Issues for Media Practice, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke. Peterson, R 2008, Strange Bedfellows: How Late-Night Comedy Turns Democracy into a Joke, NJ, USA. Watson J Hill A. 2012, Dictionary of Media and Communication Studies, 8th ed. Bloomsbury Academic, London UK. Zerubavel E. 2006, Elephant in the Room: Silence and Denial in Everyday Life, Oxford University Press NC, USA This essay on Satire as a Tool for Fighting Political Impunity was written and submitted by user Charleigh Guthrie to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

In what way is the Renaissance temper reflected in Brownings poetry Essays

In what way is the Renaissance temper reflected in Brownings poetry Essays In what way is the Renaissance temper reflected in Brownings poetry Paper In what way is the Renaissance temper reflected in Brownings poetry Paper Essay Topic: Poetry It was Ruskin who declared that Browning was a poet reflecting the Middle Ages. However, other critics have refuted this statement and offered conclusive evidence to support the contention that Brownings poetry reflected dominantly the ethos of the Italian Renaissance. Indeed, the major poems of Browning catch unerringly the spirit of the Italian Renaissance with its curious blend of soaring idealism and the4 depths of materialism, the demanding desires of the flesh and the elevating flights of the mind. The Renaissance was an intellectual and cultural movement which spread over Western Europe in the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. As its name suggests, the movement marked the rebirth or revival of interest in the classical culture and traditions of ancient Greece and Rome which had been neglected since the break up of the Roman Empire Empire in the fifth century. The revival of interest in the classical works changes mens outlook. The Middle Ages was dominated by monastic ideals and the firm conviction that the earth was a place of sin and the desires of the flesh a degrading necessity. The Renaissance freed mens from the hold of ascetic ideals, asserted the supremacy of reason, and induced men to take an artistic delight in the beauties of the world and the delights of the senses. But we must remember that with this glorifying of the body and the senses also went a passionate intellectual curiosity, a striving for widening the horizons of human knowledge. Like the painters of the Italian Renaissance, Browning too had no dislike for the body, its life, its beauty, power and charm. Fra Lippo Lippi is a picture no only of a man, but of the time and its temper, when religion and its morality had lost their ancient power over society in Florence; when the claim to give to human nature all it desired had stolen into the church itself. In this poem it is not difficult to see the passionate Renaissance love of the beauty and delights of earthly life. We also see the conflict between the medieval traditions of religions art and the new Renaissance ideals. The Prior wants Lippo to paint the souls of men in such a way as to induce religious feelings; he does not want the life-like representation of the body which would distract the mind from spiritual contemplation-this is typically the asceticism of the Middle Ages. Fra Lippo Lippi, on the hand, in true Renaissance vein, feels : This worlds no blot for us, Nor blank; it means intensely and means good. To find its meaning is my meat and drink. Thus we have the spirit of the Italian Renaissance with its free and frank enjoyment of the senses and the Renaissance ideal of art which sought to represent not merely the beauty of the mind but also the beauty of the body. At the same time, we are also struck by the curious paradoxes that fraught that great age and which Browning so well reflects in his poem-the monk and friar indulging in amorous affairs contrary to their religious vows. In another poem concerned with art, namely, Andre Del Sarto, we have created for us the spirit of the Renaissance again, though of a later vintage than in Fra Lippo Lippi. Here we have the representation of the conflict between technical perfection and imaginative or idealistic vision. Andre is a perfect craftsman, but Rafael and Michael Angelo were artists of the soul expressing in their pictures the divine discontent of their souls. Says Andrea sadly : Ah, but a mans reach should exceed his grasp, Or whats heaven for ? All is silver-grey Placid and perfect with my art : the worse ! The words imply that the great art of the period reflected the striving of the mind for higher regions, the fire of passion and glory of mans spirit through flamboyant colours-all of which, sadly, was not within reach of Andre. In a Grammarians Funeral we are given the picture of a typical Renaissance scholar whose life was dedicated to study of the classics in the endeavour whose life was dedicated to study of the classics in the endeavour to unravel minute niceties of grammar and language. Here, too, we have the poet capturing through the eulogy of one of the pall bearers the spirit of seeking for knowledge that gripped the Renaissance mind. Of course, the Renaissance spirit as reflected in this poem is more inspired by the German renaissance than the Italian Renaissance, as one critic has pointed out. In Germany the love of beauty had a distinct religious and spiritual aspect to it which was lacking in the Italy of the Renaissance. The Renaissance Germany had no love for beauty for beautys sake alone. The love of knowledge or beauty was modified into seriousness of life, carried beyond this life in thought, kept clean, and, though filled with incessant labour on the earth, aspired to reach its fruition only in the life to come. This is the spirit and the atmosphere of A Grammarians Funeral. Two famous poems which reflect to a nicety the atmosphere and ethos of the decadent Italian Renaissance are My last Duchess and The Bishop Orders his Tomb at St. Praxess Church. The Duke of Ferrara is the ultimate picture of the disagreeable aspect of the Italian Renaissance. Through the Duke of Ferraras words is conveyed the very essence of the age-its intrigue, avarice, shrewd mercenary instincts, hypocrisy, and an exquisite taste for art devoid of appreciation for life. The poem is remarkable for capturing the spirit of an age in the space of just fifty-six lines. In The Bishop Orders his Tomp at St. Praxeds Church, we once again experience the ethos of the decadent Italian Renaissance. The diverse features of the complex age are exquisitely captured. The Bishop wishes for luxurious gifts for his sons if his directions were carried out, and these gifts reflect the ages love of beauty, precious manuscripts, horses and grand houses. There is revealed all its love of colour, pomp and show as well as its greed and sensuality, as De Vane remarks. The basic Renaissance spirit-its world liness, inconsistency, pride, hypocrisy, ignorance of self, love of art, of luxury, and of good Latin find apt expression in this poem. We are places in the full decadence of the Italian Renaissance. Its total loss of religion even in the church; its immorality-the bishops deathbed is surrounded by his natural sons and the wealth he leaves has been purchased by every kind of iniquity-its pride of life, its luxury; its semi Paganism; its imitative classicism; its inconsistence; its pleasure in the adornment of death, its delight in the outsides of things and mere workmanship; its loss of originality; its love of scholarship and beauty for their own sakes; its contempt to common people; its exhaustions-are one and all revealed or suggested in this poem.

Collaborative Learning in E-learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Collaborative Learning in E-learning - Essay Example Nam June Paik was born on July 20, 1932. His birth place was the city of Seoul, in South Korea. He had five siblings and was the youngest of them all. He showed interest in the arts from a very tender age. While growing up, he trained on how to play the piano especially classical music. During the Korean war of 1950, their family was forced to flee from Korea to Hong Kong but finally settled in Japan. He went to the University of Tokyo from where he graduated with a degree in music (www.paikstudios.com1). After his studies, this open minded individual relocated to Germany where he studied the history of music under the tutelage of Thrasybulos Georgiades. While taking his studies at the Munich University, Nam June got to meet other music composers such as John Cage and Karlheinz Stockhausen. He also met conceptual artists Joseph Beuys and Wolf Vostell from whom he derived his inspiration to work in the electronic art field. He met the experimental composer Cage during an International Summer Course for New Music in 1958. Paik started showing great interest in avant-garde music while he was trying to find his niche. During his stay in Germany, he started work as a musician and doing performance all over the place. The composers such as Karlheinz had profound contribution to Paik’s choice of a career. Under the tutelage of John Cage, Paik found the confidence to incorporate different styles into his music. He began including aspects of silence and chance into some of his works. It was not long before Paik started getting invites to perform at various avant-garde concerts. Some of his more famous works was the piece Stockhausen’s Originale and Hommage à   John Cage which were his own personal creations. The latter was a tribute to his mentor John Cage. Besides being credited his achievements in the video art world, he also envisioned the internet generation we see

Registered nurse and Registered practical nurse should have individual Essay

Registered nurse and Registered practical nurse should have individual regulatory body - Essay Example As stated by Melrose and Wishart (2013), RN’s study for a longer period of time and have more in depth scope of practice and have greater knowledge in decision making, critical thinking, leadership, research utilization, resource management and healthcare delivery systems. An RN focuses on greater understanding of patient care and identifies the need for involvement of other health professionals (Melrose &Wishart, 2013). RPN’s focus on collecting data such as vital signs, monitoring the progress of patients and reporting any adverse reactions. RN’s not only gather data, they incorporate the data in a more holistic approach for better patient care (Melrose &Wishart, 2013). Considering their educational background, RPN’s have been trained to care for stable patients, where there may not be medical interventions required. The autonomy of an RPN will depend on the complexity of their patient’s condition (RPNAO, 2012). The RPNAO explains that when the care of a patient becomes more complex, there is a greater need for RN’s. This information would imply that RN’s have further educational training that allows them to care for patients with greater needs. On the other hand, one would argue that the nursing knowledge of an RPN is comparable with the educational knowledge of an RN and for this reason they should be regulated under the same body. Along with RN’s; following graduation, RPN’s take a national certificate examination that will allow them to obtain their license to practice. RPN’s also study from the same body of knowledge as RN’s and have a more focused foundational knowledge. In addition, over the past 10 years, it is evident that the RPN program has started to lengthen and their scope of practice has become broader and comparable with RN’s (RPNAO, 2012). Martin and Weeres (2012) suggest that RPN’s are not working to their full scope of practice and are unable to utilize their

Job Analysis Paper Essay Example for Free

Job Analysis Paper Essay Job analyses are a way to create detailed job descriptions used by businesses to promote efficiency and best match potential between the employer and employee; but there are many other reasons to complete a job analysis. According to Ash and Levine (1980) there are 11 common uses for job analysis: career development; performance appraisal; legal issues; recruitment and selection of employees; training; setting salaries; efficiency/safety; job classification; job description; job design; and planning (Spector, 2008) There are many ways to complete a job analysis and the method used usually depends on the type of job or business. The four most common job analysis types are the; job component inventory; functional job analysis; position analysis questionnaire; and task inventory (Spector, 2008). For this paper this writer has chosen to use the functional job analysis method, utilizing the O*NET electronic database which was previously found in the Dictionary or Occupational Titles (DOT) and is produced by the United States Department of Labor (Spector, 2008). The occupation chosen is Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselor. This paper will also look at the reliability and validity of the Functional Job Analysis as well as some of the pros and cons surrounding the four common methods mentioned above. See more: how to write an analysis paper on an article examples Functional Job Analysis-Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselor The functional job analysis is a comprehensive method that makes use of observation, interviews, and scores on several dimensions; these dimensions are relevant to all jobs making this a uniform method to obtain information no matter what the job may be (Spector, 2008). The functional job analysis of a substance abuse specialist is as follows. (Note: due to the extensive amount of information provided much information will be paraphrased and writer will not include 100% of the data provided by O*NET.gov. – Also, the information provided is to show an understanding of the Functional Job Analysis along with the six domains utilized by the O*NET website.) Job Description The analysis begins with a job description as well as some of the titles associated with this vocation. In this case the job is to provide counseling to those struggling with addictions that include substances but also addictions to gambling, or other process addictions (Onetonline.gov, 2012). Job titles include: Counselor; Substance Abuse Counselor; Chemical Dependency Professional (Onetoneline, 2012). Tools Technology The next section discusses the tools technology generally used for this occupation. They include: Alcohol Breathalyzers; Personal Computers; and Spreadsheet Software. While this is an extremely comprehensive source there are items that are missing this writer noted the absence of Urine analysis kits used often in the field. Tasks Tasks according to the O*net website include but are not limited to: Completion and Maintenance of Records and Reports; Conduct Chemical Dependency programs; and Coordination with other Mental Health Professionals or Health Professionals as Needed (Onetonline, 2012). Knowledge Knowledge is next and the competencies include: Therapy and Counseling; Psychology; Customer Service; and Law and Government (Onetonline, 2012). Skills Skills include but are not limited to: Active Listening; Social Perceptiveness; Critical Thinking; and Speaking (Onetonline, 2012). Abilities Some of the abilities are: Oral Comprehension; Oral Expression; Problem Sensitivity; and Speech Clarity (Onetonline, 2012). Work Activities The work activities include: Assisting and Caring for others; Communicating with Peers, subordinates, and others; Documenting/Recording Informations; and Getting Information (Onetonline, 2012). Work Context The work context appears to be questions one would ask a prospective employer about the nature of any particular position. Questions center on particular job duties such as the length of time spent on the telephone, or how often one would be called upon to work with external customers and even if there would be time constraints or deadlines (Onetonline, 2012). Job Zone The job zone is devoted to the educational requirements, related experience, and a general look at the type of job it is. In this category some of the examples include: accountants; sales managers; and chemists (Onetonline, 2012). Education Looks at the levels of education required in the field (Onetonline, 2012) Interests This job is categorized as SAI: Social; Artistic; and Investigative (Onetonline, 2012). Work Styles Work styles are mainly characteristics held by people within the field. Self Control, Stress Tolerance, Concern for Others, and Dependability are just some of them (Onetonline, 2012). Work Values People that work in the field are said to value relationships, achievement, and independence (Onetonline, 2012). Wages Employment Trends Lastly this job analysis discusses wages and employment trends on a national and local level (Onetonline, 2012). Reliability and Validity In order to understand the reliability and validity of job analyses one must have an understanding of who provides the information and who is responsible for gathering and making sense of the data. According to Spector (2008) Job analysis information is collected in several ways by people trained â€Å"in quantifying job characteristics and the KSAOs necessary to accomplish the different aspects of jobs†. These people either survey the employees who do the jobs in question or experience the job firsthand by doing it themselves or observing it being done†. The information is provided by job analysts, supervisors, job incumbents, and/or trained observers. Because supervisors and job incumbents have experience in the field they can be known as subject matter experts or SMEs (Spector, 2008). According to the research Dierdoff and Wilson (2003) found that when creating job analysis there is a reliability factor of .83 showing consistency. Depending on the type of rater inter-rater reliability was lower. Task inventory ratings varied depending on the scale given, or importance of a task and inter-rater reliabilities also varied quite a bit (Spector, 2008). So it seems that if a task inventory rating is used it should be done with great care. Validity is fairly high but comes with a caution. Once again the issue of people’s judgments and bias comes up (Spector, 2008). Job analysis is useful to I/O’s but must be carefully considered to assess validity (Spector, 2008). The job analysis provided by O*NET.gov was accurate and comprehensive but one could see that it is not possible to pinpoint every aspect of the job. Some parts may not apply or may apply to one place of employment and not another. Of course there are also the possible omissions such as the Urine Analysis under tools and equipment. This writer does feel that this particular analysis was reliable and valid based on first-hand knowledge of the field. Performance Appraisal Methods There are two types of appraisals; one is objective and the other subjective. Objective appraisals are a way to measure things like absences, or productivity. This would be a simple way of rating people in certain vocations where showing up and meeting a quota is important. Take people that work in a factory and need to produce high volume; this is one example of where this type of appraisal method would be beneficial. Certain aspects of performance can be measured very well using an objective approach but several weaknesses stand out. One is that the object being measured is not always clear; the other is that it is prone to human error (Spector, 2008) There are several subjective appraisal methods: the graphic-rating form; and many behavior-focused rating forms. These are more likely to be used and measure both trait performance and general aspects of performance (Spector, 2008). Graphic-Rating Form A graphic rating form is a chart with several areas that can be rated with choices either numbered or with other terms such as frequently to never at all (Spector, 2008). It is a way to make an evaluation on many dimensions relating to a particular job. This is an efficient way to get an overall picture. Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale (BARS) The BARS is a way of evaluating performance on a behavioral level. Relevant job expectations or behaviors are listed and the evaluator will find the choice that best describes an employee’s level of performance along a continuum (Spector, 2008). Mixed Standard Scale (MSS) A MSS has several statements that describe performance or behaviors with three choices that describe a particular level of performance (Spector, 2008). The three choices are randomly placed but they represent good performance, satisfactory performance and poor performance (Spector, 2008). This method like others gives a good overall picture but lacks the details that may surround poor performance. Behavior-Observation-Scale (BOS) The BOS is a way to measure behaviors using a percentage. Instead of describing how well a person responds it describes how often the behavior is seen. One rating could be â€Å"Stays on Task† and the evaluator or observer is to estimate using percentages how well the employee stays on task (Spector, 2008). The BOS is also similar to a mixed-standard scale because it uses critical incidence and either a poor or efficient behavior but; instead of rating behaviors the BOS rates frequency (Spector, 2008). One of the criticisms of the BOS is that to an outsider it may be hard to interpret (Spector, 2008) Conclusion This has been an overview of job analysis, perforamance appraisal, and the concepts of reliability and validity. We have seen that job analysis can be a great source of information. Not only does it provide details pertaining to a particular job but the job analysis can also help in the business world by providing possible legal and ethical issues, training program development and to help establish salaries just to name a few. We also know that there are several methods used to rate an employee’s performance which one is utilized depends on how detailed and what type of information needs to be measured. Lastly as with most other assessments, ratings, and measurements the reliability and validity of any job analysis is open to bias, and other human factors. All of these things must be taken into consideration and critical thinking generally applies.

Iron Jawed Angels Essay -- essays research papers Iron Jawed Essays

Iron Jawed Angels Iron Jawed Angels is a film which portrays the women's suffrage movement during the 1920's. The film is a documentary and a drama which uses live action and music to deliver the sympathetic and distressful mood the film creates. An example of the distressful mood is when the suffragists refuse to eat when they go to prison. This shows how passionate and distressed the suffragists are to get the 19th amendment passed, which would give women the right to vote. The films message, which is the hardships and adversity women had to withstand to get the 19th amendment passed, is effectively portrayed because the struggle the suffragists faced is accurately and beautifully depicted. As a tool of communication, the strengths of the film Iron Jawed Angels are its accurate portrayal of the 1920s women's suffrage movement and excellent depiction of the main suffragists, Alice Paul and Lucy Burns. There are no real weaknesses in the communication of the 1920s women's suffrage movement in the fil m Iron Jawed Angels except for the music used, which is too modern to possibly be from the 1920s era.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since the film Iron Jawed Angels shows the grief and struggle women suffragists endured, I believe the film maker wanted the audience to respond with sympathy and a greater understanding of the 1920s women?s suffragist movement. The film Iron Jawed Angels appeals to the emotions of the viewer because throughout the movie dark lighting and music create an atmosphere w...

Micro and macro market enviroment Essay

In order to correctly identify opportunities and monitor threats, the company must begin with athorough understanding of the marketing environment in which the firm operates. The marketingenvironment consists of all the actors and forces outside marketing that affect the marketingmanagement’s ability to develop and maintain successful relationships with its target customers.Though these factors and forces may vary depending on the specific company and industrialgroup, they can generally be divided into broad micro environmental and macro environmentalcomponents. For most companies, the micro environmental components are: the company,suppliers, marketing channel firms (intermediaries), customer markets, competitors, and publicswhich combine to make up the company’s value delivery system. The macro environmentalcomponents are thought to be: demographic, economic, natural, technological, political, andcultural forces. The wise marketing manager knows that he or she cannot always affectenvironmental forces. However, smart managers can take a proactive, rather than reactive,approach to the marketing environment. As marketing management collects and processes data on these environments, they must be ever vigilant in their efforts to apply what they learn to developing opportunities and dealing withthreats. Studies have shown that excellent companies not only have a keen sense of customer butan appreciation of the environmental forces swirling around them. By constantly looking at thedynamic changes that are occurring in the aforementioned environments, companies are better prepared to adapt to change, prepare long-range strategy, meet the needs of today’s andtomorrow’s customers, and compete with the intense competition present in the globalmarketplace. All firms are encouraged to adopt an environmental management perspective in thenew millennium.A company’s marketing environment consists of the actors and forces outside marketing thataffect marketing management’s ability to develop and maintain successful relationships with itstarget customers.1). Being successful means being able to adapt the marketing mix to trends and changes thisenvironment.2). Changes in the  marketing environment are often quick and unpredictable.3). The marketing environment offers both opportunities and threats.4). The company must use its marketing research and marketing intelligence systems to monitor the changing environment.5). Systematic environmental scanning helps marketers to revise and adapt marketing strategiesto meet new challenges and opportunities in the marketplace. The marketing environment ismade up of a: 1. Micro environmental2. Macro-environment 1. Micro Environmental The microenvironment consists of five components. The first is the organization’s internalenvironment—its several departments and management levels—as it affects marketingmanagement’s decision making. The second component includes the marketing channel firmsthat cooperate to create value: the suppliers and marketing intermediaries (middlemen, physicaldistribution firms, marketing-service agencies, financial intermediaries). The third componentconsists of the five types of markets in which the organization can sell: the consumer, producer,reseller, government, and international markets. The fourth component consists of thecompetitors facing the organization. The fifth component consists of all the publics that have anactual or potential interest in or impact on the organization’s ability to achieve its objectives:financial, media, government, citizen action, and local, general, and internal publics. So themicroenvironment consists of six forces close to the company that affect its ability to serve itscustomers:a. The company itself (including departments). b. Suppliers.c. Marketing channel firms (intermediaries).d. Customer markets.e. Competitors.f. Publics. 1. The Company’s Microenvironment As discussed earlier the company’s microenvironment consists of six forces that affect its abilityto serve its customers. Lets discuss these forces in detail: a. The Company  The first force is the company itself and the role it plays in the microenvironment. This could bedeemed the internal environment.1). Top management is responsible for setting the company’s mission, objectives, broadstrategies, and policies.2). Marketing managers must make decisions  within the parameters established by topmanagement.3). Marketing managers must also work closely with other company departments. Areas such asfinance, R & D, purchasing, manufacturing, and accounting all produce better results whenaligned by common objectives and goals.4). All departments must â€Å"think consumer† if the firm is to be successful. The goal is to providesuperior customer value and satisfaction. b. Suppliers Suppliers are firms and individuals that provide the resources needed by the company and itscompetitors to produce goods and services. They are an important link in the company’s overallcustomer â€Å"value delivery system.†1). One consideration is to watch supply availability (such as supply shortages).2). Another point of concern is the monitoring of price trends of key inputs. Rising supply costsmust be carefully monitored. c. Marketing Intermediaries Marketing intermediaries are firms that help the company to promote, sell, and distribute itsgoods to final buyers.1). Resellers  are distribution channel firms that help the company find customers or make salesto them.2). These include wholesalers and retailers who buy and resell merchandise.3). Resellers often perform important functions more cheaply than the company can performitself. However, seeking and working with resellers is not easy because of the power that somedemand and use. Physical distribution firms help the company to stock and move goods from their points of origin to their destinations. Examples would be warehouses (that store and protect goods beforethey move to the next destination). Marketing service agencies (such as marketing research firms, advertising agencies, mediafirms, etc.) help the company target and promote its products. Financial intermediaries  (such as banks, credit companies, insurance companies, etc.) helpfinance transactions and insure against risks. d. Customers  The company must study its customer markets closely since each market has its own specialcharacteristics. These markets normally include:1). Consumer markets  (individuals and households that buy goods and services for personalconsumption).2). Business markets  (buy goods and services for further processing or for use in their production process).3). Reseller markets  (buy goods and services in order to resell them at a profit).4). Government markets  (agencies that buy goods and services in order to produce publicservices or transfer them to those that need them).5). International markets  (buyers of all types in foreign countries) e. Competitors Every company faces a wide range of competitors. A company must secure a strategic advantageover competitors by positioning their offerings to be successful in the marketplace. No singlecompetitive strategy is best for all companies. f. Publics A public is any group that has an actual or potential interest in or impact on an organization’sability to achieve its objectives. A company should prepare a marketing plan for all of their major publics as well as their customer markets. Generally, publics can be identified as being:1). Financial publics–influence the company’s ability to obtain funds.2). Media publics–carry news, features, and editorial opinion.3). Government publics–take developments into account.4). Citizen-action publics–a company’s decisions are often questioned by consumer organizations.5). Local publics–includes neighborhood residents and community organizations.6). General publics–a company must be concerned about the general public’s attitude toward its products and services.7). Internal publics–workers, managers, volunteers, and the board of directors. 2.MACRO ENVIRONMENT The Company’s Macro environment The company and all of the other actors operate in a larger macro environment of forces thatshape opportunities and pose threats to the company. There are six major forces (outlined below)in the company’s macro environment. There are six major forces (outlined below) in thecompany’s macro environment.a. Demographic. b. Economic.c. Natural.d. Technological.e. Political.f. Cultural. a. Demographic Environment Demography is the study of human populations in terms of size, density, location, age, sex, race,occupation, and other statistics. It is of major interest to marketers because it involves people and people make up markets. Demographic trends are constantly changing. Some more interestingones are.1). The world’s population (though not all countries) rate is growing at an explosive rate that willsoon exceed food supply and ability to adequately service the population. The greatest danger isin the poorest countries where poverty contributes to the difficulties. Emerging markets such asChina are receiving increased attention from global marketers.2). The most important trend is the changing age structure of the population. The population isaging because of a slowdown in the birth rate (in this country) and life expectancy is increasing.The baby boomers following World War II have produced a huge â€Å"bulge† in our population’sage distribution. The new prime market is the middle age group (in the future it will be the senior citizen group). There are many subdivisions of this group.a). Generation X–this group lies in the shadow of the boomers and lack obvious distinguishingcharacteristics. They are a very cynical group because of all the difficulties that have surroundedand impacted their group. b). Echo boomers (baby boomlets) are the large growing kid and teen market. This group is usedto affluence on the part of their parents (as different from the Gen Xers). One distinguishingcharacteristic is their utter fluency and comfort with computer, digital, and Internet technology(sometimes called Net-Gens).c). Generational marketing is possible, however, caution must be used to avoid generationalalienation. Many in the modern family now â€Å"telecommute†Ã¢â‚¬â€œwork at home or in a remote officeand conduct their business using fax, cell phones, modem, or the Internet In general, the population is becoming better educated. The work force is be-coming more white-collar.Products such as books and education services appeal to groups following this trend. Technicalskills (such as in computers) will be a must in the future. The final demographic trend is theincreasing ethnic and racial diversity of the population. Diversity is a force that must berecognized in the next decade. However, companies must recognize that diversity goes beyond ethnic heritage. One the important markets of the future are that disabled people (a market larger any of our ethnic minority groups). b. Economic Environment The economic environment includes those factors that affect consumer purchasing power andspending patterns. Major economic trends in the United States include:1). Personal consumption (along with personal debt) has gone up (1980s) and the early 1990s brought recession that has caused adjustments both personally and corporately in this country.Today, consumers are more careful shoppers. 2).Value marketing (trying to offer the consumer greater value for their dollar) is a very seriousstrategy in the 1990s. Real income is on the rise again but is being carefully guarded by a value-conscious consumer. 3).Income distribution is still very skewed in the U. S. and all classes have not shared in prosperity. In addition, spending patterns show that food, housing, and transportation stillaccount for the majority of consumer dollars. It is also of note that distribution of income hascreated a â€Å"two-tiered market† where there are those that are affluent and less affluent. Marketersmust carefully monitor economic changes so they will be able to prosper with the trend, notsuffer from it . c. Natural Environment The natural environment involves natural resources that are needed as inputs by marketers or that are affected by marketing activities. During the past two decades environmental concernshave steadily grown. Some trend analysts labeled the specific areas of concern were: 1).Shortages of raw materials. Staples such as air, water, and wood products have been seriously damaged and non-renewablesuch as oil, coal, and various minerals have been seriously depleted during industrial expansion. 2).Increased pollution is a worldwide problem. Industrial damage to the environment is very serious. Far-sightedcompanies are becoming â€Å"environmentally friendly† and are producing environmentally safe andrecyclable or biodegradable goods. The public response to these companies is encouraging.However, lack of adequate funding, especially in third world countries, is a major barrier. 3).Government intervention in natural resource management has caused environmental concerns to be more practical andnecessary in business and industry. Leadership, not punishment, seems to be the best policy for long-term results. Instead of opposing regulation, marketers should help develop solutions to thematerial and energy problems facing the world. 4).Environmentally sustainable strategies. The so-called green movement has encouraged or even demanded that firms produce strategiesthat are not only environmentally friendly but are also environmentally proactive. Firms are beginning to recognize the link between a healthy economy and a healthy environment. d. Technological Environment The technological environment includes forces that create new technologies, creating new product and market opportunities. 1). Technology is perhaps the most dramatic force shaping our destiny 2). New technologies create new markets and opportunities. 3). The following trends are worth watching: a). Faster pace of technological change. Products are being technologically outdated at a rapid pace. b). There seems to be almost unlimited opportunities being developed daily. Consider theexpanding . fields of health care, the space shuttle, robotics, and biogenetic industries. c). The challenge is not only technical but also commercial–to make practical, affordableversions of . . products. d). Increased regulation. Marketers should be aware of the regulations concerning product safety,individual privacy, and other areas that affect technological changes. They must also be alert to . any.possible negative aspects of an innovation that might harm users or arouse opposition. e. Political Environment The political environment includes laws, government agencies, and pressure groups thatinfluence and . limit various organizations and individuals in a given society. Various forms of legislation regulate business. 1). Governments develop public policy to guide commerce–sets of laws and regulations limiting business for the good of society as a whole. 2). Almost every marketing activity is subject to a wide range of laws and regulations. Sometrends in the political environment include: 1). Increasing legislation to: a).Protect companies from each other. b).Protecting consumersfrom unfair business practices. c).Protecting interests of society against unrestrained business behavior. 2). Changing government agency enforcement. New laws and their enforcement will continue or increase. 3). Increased emphasis on ethics and socially responsible actions. Socially responsible firmsactively seek out ways to protect the long-run interests of their consumers and the environment. a). Enlightened companies encourage their managers to look beyond regulation and â€Å"do the rightthing.† b). Recent scandals have increased concern about ethics and social responsibility. c). The boom in e-commerce and Internet marketing has created a new set of social and ethicalissues. Concerns are Privacy, Security, Access by vulnerable or unauthorized groups. f. Cultural Environment The cultural environment is made up of institutions and other forces that affect society’s basicvalues, perceptions, preferences, and behaviors. Certain cultural characteristics can affectmarketing decision-making. Among the most dynamic cultural characteristics are: 1). Persistence of cultural values. People’s core beliefs and values have a high degree of persistence. Core beliefs and values are passed on from parents to children and are reinforced byschools, churches, business, and government. Secondary beliefs and values are more open tochange. 2). Shifts in secondary cultural values. Since secondary cultural values and beliefs are open tochange, marketers want to spot them and be able to capitalize on the change potential. Society’smajor cultural views are expressed in a).People’s views of themselves. People vary in their emphasis on serving themselves versusserving others. In the 1980s, personal ambition and materialism increased dramatically, withsignificant implications for marketing. The leisure industry was a chief beneficiary. b).People’s views of others. Observers have noted a shift from a â€Å"me-society† to a â€Å"we-society.† Consumers are spending more on products and services that will improve their livesrather than their image. c). People’s views of organizations. People are willing to work for large organizations butexpect them to become increasingly socially responsible. Many companies are linkingthemselves to worthwhile causes. Honesty in appeals is a must. d).People’s views of society. This orientation influences consumption patterns. â€Å"Buy American†versus buying abroad is an issue that will continue into the next decade. e).People’s view of nature. There is a growing trend toward people’s feeling of mastery over nature through technology and the belief that nature is bountiful. However, nature is finite. Loveof nature and sports associated with nature are expected to be significant trends in the nextseveral years. f).People’s views of the universe. Studies of the origin of man, religion, and thought-provokingad campaigns are on the rise. Currently, Americans are on a spiritual journey. This will probablytake the form of â€Å"spiritual individualism.